Doctors say the HPV vaccine is generally not recommended after age 45 because its effectiveness drops with prior virus exposure, though limited exceptions exist for older adults at risk of new infections.
HPV Now Leading Cause of Head and Neck Cancers
Human papillomavirus, or HPV, has surpassed tobacco as the leading cause of head and neck cancers, accounting for an estimated 60% to 70% of cases, according to medical experts.
The HPV vaccine, initially introduced to prevent cervical cancer, also protects against strains linked to cancers in the oral cavity and throat. Studies show the vaccine reduces the risk of HPV-related head and neck cancers by as much as 80% to 99%.
The HPV Vaccine prevents infection from cancer-causing HPV strains before exposure occurs,” said Dr. Roach in a recent medical advisory. “Its effectiveness is strongest when given early.
Health authorities recommend vaccination during adolescence or early adulthood, before individuals are likely to encounter the virus, which is commonly transmitted through sexual contact.
Age Limits Restrict Routine Use Beyond 45
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approves HPV vaccination only up to age 45, citing diminishing benefits for older individuals who may already have been exposed to the virus.
Doctors say vaccination beyond that age is uncommon and typically considered only in specific cases. These include individuals entering new sexual relationships after long periods of abstinence or monogamy.
“In select patients, we may consider vaccination after discussing risks, benefits and cost,” Dr. Roach said. “Insurance often does not cover it past 45, and the benefit is generally small.”
Experts emphasize that older adults in stable, long-term relationships are unlikely to gain significant protection from the HPV Vaccine.
However, widespread vaccination in younger populations has shown promising public health outcomes. “If enough people are vaccinated, HPV-related cancers could approach zero within two generations,” Dr. Roach added.
Doctors Address Common Blood Test Concerns
In a separate advisory, physicians also addressed concerns about borderline blood test results and eligibility for blood donation.
A hemoglobin level of 15.7 grams per deciliter, while slightly elevated, is not typically a cause for concern and does not indicate a condition like polycythemia vera, a rare blood cancer that would disqualify donors.
“Since polycythemia has been ruled out, this level alone should not prevent blood donation,” Dr. Roach said.
Similarly, elevated levels of HDL cholesterol are often linked to good heart health, though experts advise further evaluation for individuals with a strong family history of heart disease.
Alkaline phosphatase levels, another common concern, can indicate liver or bone conditions when significantly elevated. However, values within or near the normal range generally do not signal serious disease.
Doctors recommend that individuals consult their healthcare providers to interpret lab results in the context of overall health before making decisions about blood donation or treatment.
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